Hearing loss affects millions of people worldwide and can occur for various reasons, including aging, exposure to loud noise, infections, or genetic conditions. Broadly, hearing loss is categorized into three main types: conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, and mixed hearing loss. Each type involves different parts of the auditory system and requires distinct diagnostic and treatment approaches. 1. Conductive Hearing Loss Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound waves cannot efficiently travel through the outer or middle ear to reach the inner ear. This type typically results from obstructions, damage, or abnormalities in the ear canal, eardrum, or ossicles (the three small bones of the middle ear—malleus, incus, and stapes). Because the problem lies in the mechanical transmission of sound, the inner ear and auditory nerve usually remain intact. Causes: Common causes include earwax buildup, ear infections (otitis media), fluid in the middle ear, perforated...